The church is first mentioned in 1369, and in 1483, Bishop Malumbra entrusted its patronage to the Ismaeli family. Since then, it has served as the burial place for the Ismaeli and Gabrijelis families, as evidenced by the richly decorated tombs inside the church. It is possible that the cathedral archdeacon Antun Rozanović, who played a key role in the defense of Korčula against the Turkish fleet led by the Ottoman viceroy Uluz Ali on August 15, 1571, is buried there.
The mosaic by Dutch master Louis Schrikkel was created between 1964 and 1967.
The church is occasionally used as an exhibition space for artworks by local and international artists.